Klasson S C, Vander Schilden J L
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock.
Orthop Rev. 1990 May;19(5):421-7.
Acute compartment syndrome of the thigh has been reported infrequently. To date, only eight cases from isolated blunt trauma without fracture have been reported. Two additional cases caused by intramuscular hematomas following blunt, low-energy trauma, which were treated successfully with emergency fasciotomies, are presented. The morbidity from this syndrome varies from mild, with quadriceps weakness, fatigue, and myositis ossificans, to severe, with limb-threatening vascular compromise. Morbidity can be avoided if a high level of suspicion is maintained, compartment pressures are measured, fasciotomies are performed, and hematomas are drained. Postoperatively, patients can expect a dramatic decrease in pain and a quick return of quadriceps function with aggressive physical rehabilitation.
大腿急性骨筋膜室综合征的报道较少。迄今为止，仅报道了8例由单纯钝性创伤而非骨折引起的病例。本文介绍了另外2例由钝性、低能量创伤后肌内血肿导致的病例，这2例均通过急诊筋膜切开术成功治疗。该综合征的发病率差异很大，从轻症（表现为股四头肌无力、疲劳和骨化性肌炎）到重症（出现威胁肢体的血管受压）。如果保持高度怀疑、测量骨筋膜室压力、进行筋膜切开术并引流血肿，就可以避免发病。术后，通过积极的物理康复治疗，患者有望疼痛显著减轻，股四头肌功能迅速恢复。
