Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3102, USA.
Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Oct 15;45(20):8922-7. doi: 10.1021/es200879a. Epub 2011 Sep 21.
Land damaged by boron (B) mining should be restored to its natural state with a zero net impact on biodiversity. In an earlier study (Environ. Sci. Technol.2010,44, 7089-7095), we characterized a Turkish ecotype of the grass, Puccinellia distans, which exhibited extreme tolerance to B. Here we evaluated the use of a US ecotype of P. distans as an initial vegetative cover for the phytorestoration of a B mine in southern California. Hydroponic studies revealed that this P. distans ecotype tolerated B concentrations >100 mg B/L and could be germinated and grown in B-contaminated soils taken from the sites to be restored. P. distans grew well in moderately B-contaminated soil (∼88 mg B/L saturated extract) amended with added organic matter (peat moss); other soil treatments such as gypsum addition or pH correction were not needed. P. distans also grew in severely B-contaminated soil (∼1506 mg B/L) provided that toxic levels of soil B were diluted by the addition of sand and/or organic matter. Our results provide evidence in support of the concept of using the US ecotype of P. distans as an initial vegetative cover for the phytorestoration of B-contaminated soil.
硼（B）矿开采破坏的土地应恢复到其自然状态，对生物多样性的影响应达到零净影响。在早期的一项研究中（《环境科学与技术》2010 年 44 卷，7089-7095 页），我们对一种来自土耳其的草地雀稗生态型进行了描述，该雀稗生态型对 B 具有极强的耐受性。在这里，我们评估了美国雀稗生态型在加利福尼亚南部硼矿的植物修复中作为初始植被覆盖的用途。水培研究表明，这种雀稗生态型可以耐受超过 100 mg B/L 的 B 浓度，并且可以在取自要修复的地点的受 B 污染的土壤中发芽和生长。雀稗在中度 B 污染的土壤（约 88 mg B/L 饱和提取物）中生长良好，添加了有机物（泥炭藓）；不需要其他土壤处理，如添加石膏或 pH 校正。雀稗也可以在严重 B 污染的土壤（约 1506 mg B/L）中生长，只要通过添加沙子和/或有机物来稀释土壤中有毒的 B 水平。我们的结果为使用美国雀稗生态型作为受 B 污染土壤植物修复的初始植被覆盖的概念提供了证据支持。
