Melbourne School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2012 Mar;40(2):121-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2011.02672.x. Epub 2011 Oct 20.
To determine the change in the prevalence in active trachoma in children in a remote Aboriginal community over a 32-year period.
Data used from two cross-sectional studies repeated in the same community 32 years apart.
Children aged 5-13 years living in the community.
Thirty-five mm photographs of the everted upper lid taken in 1975 and digital photographs taken in 2007 were graded using a fine trachoma-grading scheme.
The age-specific prevalence and severity of trachoma was compared at the two time points.
Images were available from 82 children in 1975 and from 92 children in 2007. The overall prevalence of active trachoma (trachomatous inflammation follicular and or trachomatous inflammation intense) was 59% in 1975 and in 2007 was significantly lower at 23% (P<0.001). The overall severity grades of active trachoma had also decreased significantly for each sign from 1975 to 2007 (all P values from the rank-sum test were less than 0.001). However, in 2007, there were still some children with severe active trachoma and severe scarring still occurred.
Although the prevalence and severity of active trachoma in children have decreased significantly over the last 30 years in this community, trachoma still remains a significant public health problem. One third of the children have active trachoma, a figure in excess of the threshold set as a public health problem by the World Health Organization.
在一个偏远的原住民社区，32 年来确定儿童活动性沙眼患病率的变化。
使用相隔 32 年的两次横断面研究的数据。
居住在社区的 5-13 岁儿童。
1975 年采集的下睑外翻 35mm 照片和 2007 年采集的数码照片，使用精细沙眼分级方案进行分级。
比较两个时间点的年龄特异性沙眼患病率和严重程度。
1975 年有 82 名儿童和 2007 年有 92 名儿童的图像可用。1975 年活动性沙眼（滤泡性沙眼和/或重度沙眼）的总患病率为 59%，2007 年显著降低至 23%（P<0.001）。从 1975 年到 2007 年，每个指标的活动性沙眼的总体严重程度等级也显著降低（秩和检验的所有 P 值均小于 0.001）。然而，2007 年仍有一些儿童患有严重活动性沙眼，且仍有严重的瘢痕形成。
尽管过去 30 年来，该社区儿童活动性沙眼的患病率和严重程度显著下降，但沙眼仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题。三分之一的儿童患有活动性沙眼，这一数字超过了世界卫生组织确定的公共卫生问题阈值。
