Bilateral native ureteral ligation without nephrectomy in the management of kidney transplant recipients with native proteinuria.

The aim of this study was to assess the safety of bilateral native ureteral ligation (BNUL) without nephrectomy in the management of native proteinuria in kidney transplant (KTx) recipients. We retrospectively studied 17 patients who underwent BNUL between 2002 and 2010 with a median preoperative 24 h protein concentration of 2140 (range 1020-25 000) mg/L. Fifteen of the 17 patients had focal segmental glomerulosclerosis as their primary renal disease and ligation was employed to facilitate the diagnosis of early recurrence. The BNUL was performed simultaneously with KTx in 14 patients. Surgical techniques were: open (n = 5), pure laparoscopic (n = 1) and a hybrid of hand-assisted laparoscopic surgical/open approach (n = 12) used at the time of transplantation via the transplant incision. At a median follow-up of 46 months (range 1-59), no patient had a complication related to BNUL and none required interventions associated with their native kidneys. BNUL without nephrectomy seems to be a safe technique to manage native proteinuria in renal transplant candidates.