Department of Mental Health Law and Policy, University of South Florida, 13301 Bruce B Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
Psychiatr Serv. 2011 Sep;62(9):1060-5. doi: 10.1176/ps.62.9.pss6209_1060.
This study examined the association between the occurrence of an involuntary psychiatric examination under Florida civil commitment law and the probability of arrest during the next quarter.
County criminal justice records and several statewide and local health and social service data sets were used to identify inmates with a serious mental illness who spent at least one day in the Pinellas County jail between July 1, 2003, and June 30, 2004. These same data sets were combined with statewide arrest and prison records to identify the criminal justice and health and social services histories of these individuals from July 1, 2002, to June 10, 2006, with the four-year period divided into 16 periods of 90 days. The main analysis used individual fixed-effects models to examine the relationship between involuntary examinations and subsequent probability of arrest.
There were 3,728 inmates with serious mental illness in the sample, with 40% (N = 1,485) having at least one involuntary examination during the four-year period. Individuals who experienced an involuntary examination during the four years were arrested in 34% (N = 1,038) of the quarters after an examination and in 27% (N = 3,786) of the quarters not preceded by an involuntary examination. Individual fixed-effects models found a significant positive relationship between the receipt of an involuntary examination in one period and the likelihood of arrests, felony arrests, and misdemeanor arrests in the next period.
Involuntary psychiatric examinations were associated with increased risk of arrest. Thus an involuntary examination was a significant signal that individuals with serious mental illness were at risk for criminal behavior and arrest.
本研究考察了佛罗里达州民事拘留法下非自愿精神病检查的发生与下一个季度被捕概率之间的关系。
使用县刑事司法记录以及全州和当地几个卫生和社会服务数据集，确定在 2003 年 7 月 1 日至 2004 年 6 月 30 日期间至少在皮内拉斯县监狱度过一天的患有严重精神疾病的囚犯。这些相同的数据集与全州逮捕和监狱记录相结合，以确定这些个体从 2002 年 7 月 1 日至 2006 年 6 月 10 日的刑事司法和卫生及社会服务历史，四年期间分为 16 个 90 天的时期。主要分析使用个体固定效应模型来检查非自愿检查与随后被捕概率之间的关系。
在样本中有 3728 名患有严重精神疾病的囚犯，其中 40%（N=1485）在四年期间至少有一次非自愿检查。在四年期间接受非自愿检查的个体在检查后的 34%（N=1038）的季度和未接受非自愿检查的 27%（N=3786）的季度中被捕。个体固定效应模型发现，一个时期内接受非自愿检查与下一个时期内被捕、重罪逮捕和轻罪逮捕的可能性之间存在显著正相关关系。
非自愿精神病检查与被捕风险增加有关。因此，非自愿检查是个体患有严重精神疾病存在犯罪行为和被捕风险的重要信号。
