Gebouw voor Scheikunde, Afdeling Biotechnologie, Technische Universiteit Delft, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands.
ChemSusChem. 2011 Aug 22;4(8):1017-34. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201100162.
The production of renewable chemicals is gaining attention over the past few years. The natural resources from which they can be derived in a sustainable way are most abundant in sugars, cellulose and hemicellulose. These highly functionalized molecules need to be de-functionalized in order to be feedstocks for the chemical industry. A fundamentally different approach to chemistry thus becomes necessary, since the traditionally employed oil-based chemicals normally lack functionality. This new chemical toolbox needs to be designed to guarantee the demands of future generations at a reasonable price. The surplus of functionality in sugars and glycerol consists of alcohol groups. To yield suitable renewable chemicals these natural products need to be defunctionalized by means of dehydroxylation. Here we review the possible approaches and evaluate them from a fundamental chemical aspect.
在过去的几年中，可再生化学品的生产受到了关注。它们可以从糖、纤维素和半纤维素等可持续资源中获得，这些资源具有丰富的功能。这些高度功能化的分子需要脱功能化，才能成为化学工业的原料。因此，需要采用一种从根本上不同的化学方法，因为传统上使用的石油基化学品通常缺乏功能。这个新的化学工具箱需要设计出来，以合理的价格来保证满足后代人的需求。糖和甘油中的多余功能由醇基组成。为了生产合适的可再生化学品，需要通过去羟基化来使这些天然产物脱功能化。在这里，我们综述了可能的方法，并从基础化学的角度对它们进行了评估。
