Hopsu Erkki, Närkiö-Mäkelä Mervi, Silvola Juha
Kymenlaakson keskussairaala, korva-, nenä- ja kurkutaudit, Kotka.
Duodecim. 2011;127(14):1470-80.
Topical treatment is the first-line treatment for inflammation of the external auditory canal and chronic otitis media, without the need of systemic antimicrobial drug therapy. The ear canal is cleaned mechanically, by rinsing with saline, and finally dried by suction. A bacterial or fungal culture specimen should be taken, if the inflammation does not heal with the first treatment or recurs rapidly. High local drug levels without systemic adverse effects are achieved with ear drops. A combinatorial broad-spectrum antibiotic/corticosteroid ear drop is the most effective remedy for bacterial inflammation, whereas the most important therapeutic procedure in fungal infections is cleaning and topical medication.
局部治疗是外耳道炎和慢性中耳炎的一线治疗方法，无需全身使用抗菌药物治疗。通过用盐水冲洗对外耳道进行机械清洁，最后通过吸引干燥。如果初次治疗后炎症未愈合或迅速复发，应采集细菌或真菌培养标本。滴耳剂可在不产生全身不良反应的情况下实现高局部药物浓度。联合使用的广谱抗生素/皮质类固醇滴耳剂是治疗细菌性炎症最有效的药物，而真菌感染最重要的治疗方法是清洁和局部用药。
