Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8857, USA.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2011 Sep;40(3):577-90, ix. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2011.05.003.
Androgens are involved in every aspect of prostate development, growth, and function from early in male embryogenesis to prostatic hyperplasia in aging men and dogs. Likewise, androgen deprivation at any phase of life causes a decrease in prostate cell number and DNA content. The process by which the circulating androgen testosterone is converted to dihydrotestosterone in the tissue and dihydrotestosterone in turn gains access to the nucleus where it regulates gene expression, largely via interaction with a receptor protein, is understood, but the downstream control mechanisms by which hormonal signals are translated into differentiation, growth, and function are being unraveled.
雄激素参与前列腺从男性胚胎发生早期到老年男性和犬前列腺增生的各个方面的发育、生长和功能。同样，在生命的任何阶段雄激素剥夺都会导致前列腺细胞数量和 DNA 含量减少。循环雄激素睾酮在组织中转化为二氢睾酮，二氢睾酮进而进入细胞核，在那里它通过与受体蛋白相互作用来调节基因表达的过程是已知的，但是激素信号被转化为分化、生长和功能的下游控制机制正在被揭示。
