Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Inj Prev. 2012 Feb;18(1):22-6. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2011-040066. Epub 2011 Sep 2.
Bicycling is a popular means of transportation that is sometimes associated with injury from collisions. The authors analysed national data for the USA to evaluate bicyclist deaths associated with motor vehicle impacts.
The authors conducted a population-based case-control analysis of road deaths reported by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The authors included bicyclist deaths from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2008 (cases), along with the non-bicyclist road deaths immediately before and after the bicyclist death in the same state (controls). Analyses also included linkages to auto appraisal websites to estimate type, size and cost of the motor vehicle involved in each death.
A total of 711 bicyclist deaths were included, equivalent to a rate of 2 deaths per million population annually. No state had a rate statistically significantly below the national average whereas Florida was a high outlier with three times the national rate (p<0.001). The typical bicyclist who died was a man travelling in the afternoon or evening. The average estimated resale value of the involved motor vehicle was about one-third higher for bicyclist deaths than control deaths (US$10 603 vs US$8118, p<0.001). Analyses based on median estimated resale value and luxury resale value yielded similar findings. Stratified analyses based on demographics, time and posted speed limits yielded similar discrepancies. Larger motor vehicles were particularly common in bicyclist deaths compared to control deaths, especially freight trucks (11% vs 8%, p=0.008) and large automobiles (43% vs 37%, p=0.004). Conversely, motorcycles were distinctly infrequent in bicyclist deaths compared to control deaths (1% vs 14%, p<0.001).
Large expensive motor vehicles account for a disproportionate share of bicyclist deaths. Bicyclists, motorists, policy-makers and vehicle manufacturers need to consider more imaginative solutions to help prevent future deaths.
骑自行车是一种常见的交通方式，但有时也会因与汽车碰撞而受伤。作者分析了美国的国家数据，以评估与机动车碰撞相关的自行车骑手死亡事件。
作者对美国国家公路交通安全管理局报告的道路死亡事件进行了基于人群的病例对照分析。作者纳入了 2008 年 1 月 1 日至 2008 年 12 月 31 日期间的自行车骑手死亡事件（病例），以及在同一州的自行车骑手死亡事件之前和之后的非自行车骑手道路死亡事件（对照）。分析还包括与汽车评估网站的链接，以评估每例死亡事件中涉及的汽车类型、大小和成本。
共纳入 711 例自行车骑手死亡事件，相当于每百万人口每年死亡 2 人。没有一个州的死亡率明显低于全国平均水平，而佛罗里达州则是一个高异常值，其死亡率是全国平均水平的三倍（p<0.001）。典型的死亡自行车骑手是在下午或晚上出行的男性。涉及的机动车的估计再销售价值平均比对照死亡事件高出三分之一（US$10 603 比 US$8118，p<0.001）。基于中位数估计再销售价值和豪华再销售价值的分析得出了类似的发现。基于人口统计学、时间和公布的限速的分层分析得出了类似的差异。与对照死亡事件相比，较大型的机动车在自行车骑手死亡事件中更为常见，尤其是货运卡车（11%比 8%，p=0.008）和大型汽车（43%比 37%，p=0.004）。相反，与对照死亡事件相比，摩托车在自行车骑手死亡事件中明显少见（1%比 14%，p<0.001）。
昂贵的大型机动车在自行车骑手死亡事件中所占比例过高。自行车骑手、机动车驾驶员、政策制定者和车辆制造商需要考虑更具想象力的解决方案，以帮助预防未来的死亡事件。
