Indian Academy of Pediatrics, Kailash Darshan, Mumbai, India.
Vaccine. 2011 Oct 26;29(46):8317-22. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.08.099. Epub 2011 Sep 3.
India has faced considerable challenges in eradicating polio. Uttar Pradesh (UP) and Bihar are the two states in India where transmission of polio has never been interrupted. Private pediatricians are important stakeholders for vaccine delivery and maintaining public confidence in vaccines. The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes and perceptions of pediatricians in India regarding polio immunization and their opinions about various strategies regarding polio eradication in the country.
A random sample of 785 pediatricians belonging to the Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) were selected for the survey with over sampling of members located in Bihar and UP. Potential participants were either contacted by phone or sent a self-administered anonymous questionnaire by mail. For this analysis both sets of responses were combined. Surveys were conducted from June 2009 to June 2010.
A total of 398 surveys were completed (51%). Nearly all respondents indicated that polio eradication is still an important priority (99.7%). Ninety-six percent of pediatricians believed that strengthening routine immunization efforts remains the best way to eradicate polio in endemic areas. Other measures thought to be important in eradicating polio are mass campaigns with IPV (73%) and mass campaigns with bivalent OPV (59%). Pediatricians also identified several barriers to polio eradication which included parents' lack of awareness of the importance of polio vaccination (88.8%), parents' lack of confidence in polio vaccine (64.0%), religious beliefs (59.2%), fear of side effects (59.2%), lack of time or priority (56.6%), superstition (50.3%) and cultural beliefs (46.4%).
There is still strong support for polio eradication efforts among IAP members. Pediatricians in India strongly believe that improving the coverage of routine immunization remains the best way to eradicate polio. There is an urgent need to improve awareness, build confidence in the program, and remove barriers among parents.
印度在消灭脊灰炎方面面临着相当大的挑战。北方邦（Uttar Pradesh，简称 UP）和比哈尔邦（Bihar）是印度两个从未中断过脊灰炎传播的邦。私人儿科医生是疫苗接种的重要利益相关者，也是维护公众对疫苗信心的关键。本研究旨在调查印度儿科医生对脊灰炎免疫接种的态度和看法，以及他们对该国消灭脊灰炎的各种策略的意见。
采用随机抽样的方法，从印度儿科学会（Indian Academy of Pediatrics，简称 IAP）中抽取了 785 名儿科医生进行调查，并对位于比哈尔邦和 UP 的成员进行了超额抽样。潜在参与者要么通过电话联系，要么通过邮件收到自我管理的匿名问卷。在本次分析中，这两组的回复均被合并。调查于 2009 年 6 月至 2010 年 6 月进行。
共完成了 398 份调查问卷（51%）。几乎所有的受访者都表示，消灭脊灰炎仍然是一个重要的优先事项（99.7%）。96%的儿科医生认为，加强常规免疫接种力度仍是消除地方性脊灰炎的最佳途径。其他被认为对消灭脊灰炎很重要的措施包括使用 IPV 的大规模运动（73%）和使用 bivalent OPV 的大规模运动（59%）。儿科医生还确定了一些消灭脊灰炎的障碍，包括家长对脊灰炎疫苗接种重要性的认识不足（88.8%）、家长对脊灰炎疫苗的信心不足（64.0%）、宗教信仰（59.2%）、对副作用的恐惧（59.2%）、缺乏时间或优先事项（56.6%）、迷信（50.3%）和文化信仰（46.4%）。
IAP 成员仍强烈支持消灭脊灰炎的努力。印度的儿科医生坚信，提高常规免疫接种覆盖率仍是消灭脊灰炎的最佳途径。现在迫切需要提高家长的认识，增强他们对该计划的信心，并消除障碍。
