Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
Dev Neurosci. 2011;33(5):365-78. doi: 10.1159/000329424. Epub 2011 Sep 1.
Fear is a universal response to a threat to one's body or social status. Disruption in the detection and response of the brain's fear system is commonly observed in a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders, including fragile X syndrome (FXS), a brain disorder characterized by variable cognitive impairment and behavioral disturbances such as social avoidance and anxiety. The amygdala is highly involved in mediating fear processing, and increasing evidence supports the idea that inhibitory circuits play a key role in regulating the flow of information associated with fear conditioning in the amygdala. Here, we review the known and potential importance of amygdala fear circuits in FXS, and how developmental studies are critical to understand the formation and function of neuronal circuits that modulate amygdala-based behaviors.
恐惧是对身体或社会地位受到威胁的一种普遍反应。在各种神经发育障碍中，包括脆性 X 综合征（FXS），大脑恐惧系统的检测和反应受到干扰是很常见的。脆性 X 综合征是一种以认知障碍和行为障碍（如社交回避和焦虑）为特征的脑部疾病。杏仁核在介导恐惧处理中起着重要作用，越来越多的证据支持这样一种观点，即抑制性回路在调节与杏仁核恐惧条件反射相关的信息流动中起着关键作用。在这里，我们回顾了杏仁核恐惧回路在 FXS 中的已知和潜在重要性，以及发育研究对于理解调节基于杏仁核的行为的神经元回路的形成和功能是至关重要的。
