NARO, Western Region Agricultural Research Center (WARC), 6-12-1 Nishifukatsu, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 721-8514, Japan.
Theor Appl Genet. 2012 Jan;124(1):143-51. doi: 10.1007/s00122-011-1693-6. Epub 2011 Sep 6.
Hordoindoline (Hin) genes, which are known to comprise Hina, Hinb-1, and Hinb-2, are associated with grain hardness in barley. However, the interspecific variation in the Hin genes in the genus Hordeum has not been studied in detail. We examined the variation in Hin genes and used it to infer the phylogenetic relationships between the genes found in two H. vulgare subspecies (cultivated barley and H. vulgare subsp. spontaneum) and 10 wild relatives (H. bogdanii, H. brachyantherum, H. bulbosum, H. chilense, H. comosum, H. marinum, H. murinum, H. patagonicum, H. pusillum, and H. roshevitzii). The Hina and Hinb genes of these species were amplified by PCR. We found two Hinb genes in three wild species (H. bogdanii, H. brachyantherum, and H. roshevitzii) and preliminarily named them Hinb-A and Hinb-B. Cluster analysis showed that the 17 Hinb genes present in Hordeum formed two distinct clusters (named A and B). Seven Hinb genes were included in Cluster-A, and 10 Hinb genes were included in Cluster-B. All Hinb-A genes were included in Cluster-A, while all of the Hinb-B genes were included in Cluster-B. In contrast, the Hinb-1 and Hinb-2 genes in H. vulgare were included in Cluster-B. These results suggest that the Hinb genes duplicated during the early stages of diversification in the genus Hordeum. On the other hand, the Hinb-1 and Hinb-2 genes in H. vulgare seem to have been generated by a duplication of the Hinb gene after the split of the lineages leading to H. vulgare and H. bulbosum.
Hordoindoline (Hin) 基因已知包括 Hina、Hinb-1 和 Hinb-2，与大麦的粒硬度有关。然而，在大麦属中 Hin 基因的种间变异尚未得到详细研究。我们检查了 Hin 基因的变异，并利用它推断了在两个大麦亚种（栽培大麦和 H. vulgare 亚种 spontaneum）和 10 个野生近缘种（H. bogdanii、H. brachyantherum、H. bulbosum、H. chilense、H. comosum、H. marinum、H. murinum、H. patagonicum、H. pusillum 和 H. roshevitzii）中发现的基因之间的系统发育关系。通过 PCR 扩增了这些物种的 Hina 和 Hinb 基因。我们在 3 个野生种（H. bogdanii、H. brachyantherum 和 H. roshevitzii）中发现了两个 Hinb 基因，并初步将它们命名为 Hinb-A 和 Hinb-B。聚类分析表明，大麦中存在的 17 个 Hinb 基因形成了两个明显的聚类（命名为 A 和 B）。7 个 Hinb 基因包含在 Cluster-A 中，10 个 Hinb 基因包含在 Cluster-B 中。所有的 Hinb-A 基因都包含在 Cluster-A 中，而所有的 Hinb-B 基因都包含在 Cluster-B 中。相比之下，H. vulgare 中的 Hinb-1 和 Hinb-2 基因包含在 Cluster-B 中。这些结果表明，Hinb 基因在大麦属的早期多样化阶段发生了复制。另一方面，H. vulgare 中的 Hinb-1 和 Hinb-2 基因似乎是在导致 H. vulgare 和 H. bulbosum 的谱系分裂后，由 Hinb 基因的复制产生的。
