GGD Hart voor Brabant, Community Health Service,'s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands.
J Travel Med. 2011 Sep-Oct;18(5):337-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2011.00537.x. Epub 2011 Jun 14.
The main objective of this study was to investigate the incidence and predictors of acute mountain sickness (AMS) in travelers who consulted a pre-travel clinic and the compliance with advices concerning this condition.
A post-travel questionnaire was sent to clients of five travel clinics who planned to climb above 2,000 m.
The response was 77% and the data of all 744 respondents who stayed above 2,500 m were used for the analysis. Eighty-seven percent (646) read and understood the written advices on AMS. The incidence of AMS was 25% (184), and the predictors were previous AMS [odds ratio (OR) 2.2], female sex (OR 1.6), age (OR 0.98 per year), maximum sleeping altitude (OR 1.2 per 500 m), and the number of nights between 1,500 and 2,500 m (OR 0.9 per night). Eighty-seven percent of respondents understood the written advices about AMS but 21% did not read or understand the use of acetazolamide. Forty percent spent less than two nights between 1,500 and 2,500 m and 43% climbed more than 500 m/d once above 2,500 m. Acetazolamide was brought along by 541 respondents (72%) and 116 (16%) took it preventively. Of those with AMS 62 (34%) took acetazolamide treatment and 87 (47%) climbed higher despite AMS symptoms. The average preventive dose of acetazolamide was 250 mg/d, while the average curative dose was 375 mg/d. We found no relation between acetazolamide prevention and AMS (p = 0.540).
The incidence of AMS in travelers who stayed above 2,500 m was 25%. Predictors were previous AMS, female sex, age, maximum overnight altitude, and the number of nights between 1,500 and 2,500 m. Only half of these travelers followed the preventive and curative advices and 21% did not read or understand the use of acetazolamide. We found no preventive effect of a low dose of acetazolamide in this retrospective observational study.
本研究的主要目的是调查在咨询旅行前诊所的旅行者中急性高山病（AMS）的发生率和预测因素，以及他们对该病症的建议的遵守情况。
对计划攀登海拔 2000 米以上的五家旅行诊所的客户进行旅行后问卷调查。
回应率为 77%，对所有在海拔 2500 米以上停留的 744 名受访者的数据进行了分析。87%（646 人）阅读并理解了关于 AMS 的书面建议。AMS 的发生率为 25%（184 人），预测因素为既往 AMS（比值比[OR] 2.2）、女性（OR 1.6）、年龄（OR 每年 0.98）、最大睡眠海拔（OR 每 500 米 1.2）和 1500 至 2500 米之间的夜间数量（OR 每夜 0.9）。87%的受访者理解了关于 AMS 的书面建议，但 21%的人没有阅读或理解乙酰唑胺的使用。40%的人在海拔 1500 至 2500 米之间停留不到两晚，43%的人一旦海拔超过 2500 米，每天攀登超过 500 米。541 名受访者（72%）携带了乙酰唑胺，116 名（16%）预防性服用。有 AMS 的 62 人（34%）接受了乙酰唑胺治疗，87 人（47%）尽管有 AMS 症状仍继续攀登。乙酰唑胺的平均预防剂量为 250mg/d，平均治疗剂量为 375mg/d。我们没有发现乙酰唑胺预防与 AMS 之间的关系（p=0.540）。
在海拔 2500 米以上停留的旅行者中，AMS 的发生率为 25%。预测因素是既往 AMS、女性、年龄、最大夜间海拔和 1500 至 2500 米之间的夜间数量。只有一半的旅行者遵循了预防和治疗建议，21%的人没有阅读或理解乙酰唑胺的使用。在这项回顾性观察研究中，我们没有发现低剂量乙酰唑胺的预防作用。
