Wallen K
Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 1990 Summer;14(2):233-41. doi: 10.1016/s0149-7634(05)80223-4.
The distinction between the ability to copulate and the desire to copulate is used to understand species differences in hormonal regulation of female sexual behavior. Evidence is presented demonstrating that ovarian hormones modulate female sexual motivation in both rodent and primate females. The thesis is developed that rodent females differ from primate females primarily in their dependence upon hormones for the ability to mate. Thus, apparent differences between the two groups of females in the extent to which hormones control copulatory behavior does not stem from differences in hormonal regulation of female sexual motivation but from the physical ability of primate, but not rodent, females to mate without hormonal stimulation. This emancipation of the ability to copulate from hormonal influence makes female sexual motivation the primary regulator of mating in primates. Dependence upon female sexual motivation means that the copulatory behavior of primate females is easily influenced by their physical and social environment. Because primate females can mate without hormonal input, female sexual initiation, not copulation, is argued to be the only valid indicator of female sexual motivation.
交配能力与交配欲望之间的区别被用于理解雌性性行为激素调节中的物种差异。有证据表明，卵巢激素对啮齿动物和灵长类动物雌性的性行为动机均有调节作用。本文提出的论点是，啮齿动物雌性与灵长类动物雌性的主要区别在于它们在交配能力上对激素的依赖程度。因此，两组雌性在激素控制交配行为的程度上的明显差异并非源于雌性性行为动机的激素调节差异，而是源于灵长类动物（而非啮齿动物）雌性在无激素刺激的情况下进行交配的身体能力。交配能力从激素影响中解放出来，使得雌性性行为动机成为灵长类动物交配的主要调节因素。对雌性性行为动机的依赖意味着灵长类动物雌性的交配行为很容易受到其身体和社会环境的影响。由于灵长类动物雌性可以在无激素输入的情况下进行交配，因此雌性性启动而非交配被认为是雌性性行为动机的唯一有效指标。
