Baruchel A, Schaison G
Unité d'Hématologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.
Nouv Rev Fr Hematol (1978). 1990;32(1):21-4.
The detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) represents a major goal in leukemias with great potential applications: identification of patients at high risk of relapse, earlier detection of relapses, possible improvement of autologous bone marrow transplantation (determination of the best time for bone marrow harvest and assessment of its quality). Theoretical requirements for a model of MRD detection exist and are recalled. Numerous methods (cytology, immunology, cytogenetics, clonogenic assays, molecular biology) have been used. All share limitations which may concern sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility, conveniency. Progresses will be brought by more sophisticated methods in immunology (double staining with or without flow cytometry) and above all molecular biology (revolutioned by polymerase chain reaction applications).
微小残留病（MRD）的检测是白血病领域的一个主要目标，具有巨大的潜在应用价值：识别复发高危患者、更早检测复发、可能改善自体骨髓移植（确定最佳骨髓采集时间并评估其质量）。MRD检测模型的理论要求是存在的，在此予以回顾。已经使用了多种方法（细胞学、免疫学、细胞遗传学、克隆形成试验、分子生物学）。所有这些方法都有局限性，可能涉及敏感性、特异性、可重复性、便利性等方面。免疫学中更复杂的方法（有无流式细胞术的双重染色），尤其是分子生物学（因聚合酶链反应应用而发生变革）将带来进展。
