Chen Gang, Tan B-K, Sun Xiaoxiao, Meng Xingqiong, Jiwa Moyez
Department of Health Law and Health Inspection, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Qual Prim Care. 2011;19(4):233-44.
The prevalence of chronic diseases and their risk factors in different general populations are well documented, but little is known about disabled populations in China.
The purpose of this study is to report available data on the medical profile of disabled persons living in Zhabei District, Shanghai, Mainland China. It also aimed to explore the association between any medical conditions, types and severity of disabilities and socio-demographic factors.
Nine hundred and sixty-one disabled persons underwent physical medical examination to identify predisposing conditions for chronic diseases (hypertension and elevated glucose, lipids and triglyceride levels) and to diagnose two common chronic diseases - heart disease and diabetes. Logistic regression was used to assess the influence of age, gender, disability type, disability severity, education level, employment status, socio-economic status or marital status on chronic diseases and predisposing factors.
The mean age of the participants was 53 (±12.5) years. The most prevalent types of disability were physical disability (44.9%), visual impairment (28.8%) and intellectual disability (12.5%). Hyperlipidemia was most prevalent (17.1%), followed by hypertension (15.3%), heart disease (7.2%) and diabetes (6.0%). These conditions were not associated with the type or the severity of disability in this sample. Males were more likely to have hypertension (OR=1.75; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.93) and elevated triglycerides (OR=1.84; 95% CI: 1.05, 3.20). The unemployed (OR=4.80, 95% CI: 1.45, 15.76) and older participants (OR=1.04, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.07) were more likely to have elevated blood glucose levels. Divorced individuals were more likely to be diagnosed with heart disease (OR=3.72; 95% CI: 1.37, 10.09) and those with better socio-economic backgrounds (OR=3.09; 95% CI: 1.05, 9.15) and the older disabled (OR=1.08, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.12) were more likely to have diabetes.
This preliminary study found that abnormal clinical findings were not related to the type or the severity of disability. Most abnormal findings were, however, related to increasing age, consistent with previous findings in the general Chinese population.
不同普通人群中慢性病及其危险因素的患病率已有充分记录，但中国残疾人群体的情况却鲜为人知。
本研究旨在报告中国大陆上海市闸北区残疾人士的医疗状况可用数据。研究还旨在探讨任何医疗状况、残疾类型和严重程度与社会人口学因素之间的关联。
961名残疾人士接受了体格检查，以确定慢性病（高血压、血糖、血脂和甘油三酯水平升高）的诱发因素，并诊断两种常见慢性病——心脏病和糖尿病。采用逻辑回归分析评估年龄、性别、残疾类型、残疾严重程度、教育水平、就业状况、社会经济地位或婚姻状况对慢性病及其诱发因素的影响。
参与者的平均年龄为53（±12.5）岁。最常见的残疾类型为肢体残疾（44.9%）、视力障碍（28.8%）和智力残疾（12.5%）。高脂血症最为普遍（17.1%），其次是高血压（15.3%）、心脏病（7.2%）和糖尿病（6.0%）。在本样本中，这些疾病与残疾类型或严重程度无关。男性患高血压（比值比=1.75；95%置信区间：1.05，2.93）和甘油三酯升高（比值比=1.84；95%置信区间：1.05，3.20）的可能性更大。失业者（比值比=4.80，95%置信区间：1.45，15.76）和年龄较大的参与者（比值比=1.04，95%置信区间：1.02，1.07）血糖水平升高的可能性更大。离婚者被诊断患有心脏病的可能性更大（比值比=3.72；95%置信区间：1.37，10.09），社会经济背景较好者（比值比=3.09；95%置信区间：1.05，9.15）和年龄较大的残疾者（比值比=1.08，95%置信区间：1.04，1.12）患糖尿病的可能性更大。
这项初步研究发现，异常临床发现与残疾类型或严重程度无关。然而，大多数异常发现与年龄增长有关，这与中国普通人群先前的研究结果一致。
