University of Missouri, Division of Biological Sciences, 114 Lefevre Hall, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Int Rev Neurobiol. 2011;99:139-67. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-387003-2.00006-9.
The rich behavioral repertoire that Drosophila use to navigate in their natural environment suggests that flies can use memories to inform decisions. Development of paradigms to examine memories that restrict behavioral choice was essential in furthering our understanding of the genetics and neural systems of memory formation in the fly. Olfactory, visual, and place memory paradigms have proven influential in determining principles for the mechanisms of memory formation. Several parts of the nervous system have been shown to be important for different types of memories, including the mushroom bodies and the central complex. Thus far, about 40 genes have been linked to normal olfactory short-term memory. A subset of these genes have also been tested for a role in visual and place memory. Some genes have a common function in memory formation, specificity of action comes from where in the nervous system these genes act. Alternatively, some genes have a more restricted role in different types of memories.
果蝇在其自然环境中导航时表现出丰富的行为组合，这表明它们可以利用记忆来做出决策。开发用于检查限制行为选择的记忆的范式对于进一步了解果蝇的记忆形成的遗传学和神经系统至关重要。嗅觉、视觉和位置记忆范式已被证明对确定记忆形成机制的原则具有重要影响。已经表明，神经系统的几个部分对于不同类型的记忆很重要，包括蘑菇体和中央复合体。到目前为止，大约有 40 个基因与正常的嗅觉短期记忆有关。其中一些基因也已经过测试，以确定它们在视觉和位置记忆中的作用。一些基因在记忆形成中具有共同的功能，而作用的特异性则来自这些基因在神经系统中的作用部位。或者，一些基因在不同类型的记忆中具有更受限的作用。
