Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
J Periodontol. 2012 Mar;83(3):337-43. doi: 10.1902/jop.2011.110326. Epub 2011 Sep 12.
A close anatomic relationship between the incisive canal and the roots of the central maxillary incisors should be kept in mind during dental-implant treatment in the anterior maxilla. The aim of the present study is to analyze incisive canal characteristics on computed tomography (CT) sections and to evaluate its relation to bone anterior to the canal with regard to dental implantation.
A total of 933 partially edentulous and/or edentulous patients scheduled for implant insertion in four dental clinics enrolled in the present study. The following were measured and recorded from CT sections for analysis: 1) diameter and length of the incisive canal; 2) width and length of the bone anterior to the canal; 3) palatal bone width and length; and 4) root width and length of the central incisor.
Mean canal length was 10.86 ± 2.67 mm, and mean diameter was 2.59 ± 0.91 mm. Canal length was shortened in edentulous anterior maxilla compared to dentate maxilla. However, canal diameter did not show any difference between dentate and edentulous groups. Males had a longer and wider incisive canal than females. Canal shape was mostly cylindrical in 40.73% of images. No correlation was found with mean canal length and mean canal diameter according to age.
Although variations exist in every patient, the findings from this study suggest that sex and dental status are important factors that can affect incisive canal characteristics and amount of bone anterior to the canal. Clinicians should perform careful planning using CT scans before performing dental implant surgeries in premaxillary region.
在上颌前牙进行牙种植治疗时，应牢记切牙管与上颌中切牙根之间的解剖关系密切。本研究的目的是分析 CT 切片上切牙管的特征，并评估其与管前骨在牙种植方面的关系。
本研究共纳入 933 名在四家牙科诊所接受种植体植入的部分或完全无牙患者。从 CT 切片中测量并记录以下数据进行分析：1）切牙管的直径和长度；2）管前骨的宽度和长度；3）腭骨的宽度和长度；4）中切牙的根宽和根长。
平均管长为 10.86 ± 2.67mm，平均直径为 2.59 ± 0.91mm。与有牙的上颌前牙相比，无牙的上颌前牙的管长缩短。然而，管直径在有牙组和无牙组之间没有差异。男性的切牙管比女性的更长、更宽。在 40.73%的图像中，管的形状大多为圆柱形。根据年龄，未发现平均管长和平均管直径之间存在相关性。
尽管每个患者都存在差异，但本研究的结果表明，性别和牙齿状况是影响切牙管特征和管前骨量的重要因素。临床医生应在进行上前牙区牙种植手术前，使用 CT 扫描进行仔细的规划。
