Dept of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Austin, TX, USA.
J Phys Act Health. 2011 Sep;8 Suppl 2:S285-94.
Evidence supporting the effectiveness of a developmental-focused youth sport (DYS) program designed exclusively for elementary school aged girls is mounting. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of on the Girls on the Run program on psychological and physical assets among 3rd- to 5th-grade girls.
A longitudinal quasi-experimental study was conducted to evaluate intervention effects among 877 participants categorized into 1 of 3 groups (never, newly, and previously exposed). A 64-item self-report survey measured developmental assets at 3 time-points. Nested random effects ANOVA models were used to compare demographic factors and psychological and physical assets between exposure groups and to compare longitudinal differences in these assets.
After adjustment for multiple comparisons, previous program participants had significantly higher physical activity commitment (P = .006) and physical activity levels (P = .047) at preintervention than never exposed. From pre- to postintervention body image improved in newly exposed participants (P = .03). Physical activity increased from preintervention to follow-up among never and newly exposed participants (all P < .05).
Although we were unable to fully confirm the study hypotheses, the results of the current study provide new evidence to support future long-term studies examining the effectiveness of an innovative DYS program for 3rd- to 5th-grade girls.
越来越多的证据支持专门为小学年龄段女孩设计的以发展为重点的青少年体育（DYS）项目的有效性。本研究的目的是评估 Girls on the Run 计划对 3 至 5 年级女孩的心理和身体资产的影响。
进行了一项纵向准实验研究，以评估 877 名参与者中干预效果，这些参与者分为 3 组之一（从未、新和以前接触过）。一个 64 项的自我报告调查在 3 个时间点测量发展资产。嵌套随机效应方差分析模型用于比较暴露组之间的人口统计学因素和心理与身体资产，并比较这些资产的纵向差异。
调整多次比较后，以前参加过该项目的参与者在干预前的身体活动承诺（P =.006）和身体活动水平（P =.047）显著高于从未接触过的参与者。在新暴露组中，从预干预到干预后的身体形象有所改善（P =.03）。从未接触过和新接触过的参与者的身体活动从预干预到随访都有所增加（所有 P <.05）。
尽管我们无法完全证实研究假设，但本研究的结果提供了新的证据，支持未来对 3 至 5 年级女孩的创新 DYS 计划有效性的长期研究。
