Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, USA.
Obes Facts. 2011;4(4):278-83. doi: 10.1159/000330809. Epub 2011 Jul 26.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Research suggests that making overly positive self-evaluations is the norm rather than the exception. However, unlike other stigmatized groups, overweight individuals do not exhibit a positive in-group social identity and instead exhibit significant explicit, implicit, and internalized weight bias. Therefore, it is not known whether overweight/obese individuals will evidence self-enhancement on general traits (good, attractive), or on traits inconsistent with fat stereotypes (disciplined, active, healthy eater), on an assessment of implicit attitudes. Similarly, it is not known whether these ratings will be associated with preexisting levels of weight bias, gender, or short-term weight loss.
At baseline, 53 overweight/obese adults (BMI > 27 kg/m(2), mean BMI = 37.3 kg/m(2), SD = 6.6 kg/m(2), 89% Caucasian, and 77% female) participating in a weight loss intervention completed measures of explicit and internalized weight bias as well as implicit weight bias and identity (self-other comparisons).
Although participants evidenced significant anti-fat attitudes, they implicitly identified themselves as significantly thinner, better, more attractive, active, disciplined, and more likely to eat healthy than 'other' people. Compared to men, women were less likely to view themselves as thin and attractive relative to others. Greater implicit anti-fat bias and implicitly seeing the self as thin relative to others was associated with less short-term weight loss.
Despite evidence for explicit, implicit, and internalized weight bias, participants generally evidenced a positive implicit self-identity, including areas consistent with negative fat stereotypes.
背景/目的：研究表明，做出过于积极的自我评价是常态，而非例外。然而，与其他受歧视群体不同，超重个体并没有表现出积极的内群体社会认同，反而表现出明显的外显、内隐和内化的体重偏见。因此，尚不清楚超重/肥胖个体是否会在一般特质（好、有吸引力）或与肥胖刻板印象不一致的特质（自律、活跃、健康饮食者）上表现出自我提升，这是在对内隐态度进行评估的情况下。同样，也不知道这些评价是否与预先存在的体重偏见水平、性别或短期体重减轻有关。
在基线时，53 名超重/肥胖成年人（BMI>27kg/m²，平均 BMI=37.3kg/m²，SD=6.6kg/m²，89%为白种人，77%为女性）参加了减肥干预，完成了外显和内化体重偏见以及内隐体重偏见和认同（自我-他人比较）的测量。
尽管参与者表现出明显的反肥胖态度，但他们在潜意识中认为自己比“他人”明显更瘦、更好、更有吸引力、更活跃、更自律、更有可能健康饮食。与男性相比，女性相对其他人，更不可能认为自己瘦和有吸引力。更大的内隐反肥胖偏见和内隐地认为自己比他人更瘦与短期体重减轻较少有关。
尽管存在外显、内隐和内化的体重偏见的证据，但参与者普遍表现出积极的内隐自我认同，包括与负面肥胖刻板印象一致的领域。
