Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
Small. 2011 Nov 4;7(21):3075-86. doi: 10.1002/smll.201101085. Epub 2011 Sep 20.
Routes are presented for synthesizing nano- and mesostructured β-tin particles in the form of monocrystalline spheres, cubes, and bars, as well as polycrystalline rods and needles, by the decomposition of decamethylstannocene in organic solvents under various conditions. The formation of the observed shapes is based on the presence of liquidlike and of partly crystalline droplets. These particle stages allow structure-determining processes such as entire coalescence, oriented superficial coalescence or superficial induced crystallization. Entire coalescence and oriented superficial coalescence take place in the absence of surfactants; the superficially induced crystallization occurs in the presence of ionic additives. The observed tin morphologies depend on the competition between droplet growth and crystallization behavior. The different tin particles are investigated by electron microscopy (SEM, TEM, HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
介绍了在各种条件下通过在有机溶剂中分解十甲基二锡来合成纳米和介孔β-锡颗粒的单晶球、立方体和棒，以及多晶棒和针的方法。所观察到的形状的形成基于存在类似液体和部分结晶的液滴。这些颗粒阶段允许进行结构确定的过程，例如完全聚结、定向表面聚结或表面诱导结晶。完全聚结和定向表面聚结在没有表面活性剂的情况下发生；表面诱导结晶发生在存在离子添加剂的情况下。通过电子显微镜（SEM、TEM、HRTEM）、选区电子衍射（SAED）和差示扫描量热法（DSC）研究了观察到的锡形态。
