Prien T, Theissen J, Lawin P
Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie, Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster.
Anasth Intensivther Notfallmed. 1990 Apr;25(2):129-34.
The halogenated hydrocarbons halothane, enflurane and isoflurane are used extensively. Like every other anaesthetic, these inhaled agents are not devoid of side effects, most of which are undesirable. This review summarises the similarities and differences between the actions of these vapours. Although isoflurane appears to be more advantageous than enflurane and halothane in certain patients, isoflurane is no panacea and the question of which agent to choose still has to be answered for every patient. A note of caution is warranted against the further use of halothane in adults, as halothane offers no advantages when compared to enflurane and isoflurane but carries a higher risk of hepatotoxicity. However, in children halothane remains the halogenated agent of first choice, when anaesthesia is induced via face mask.
卤代烃氟烷、恩氟烷和异氟烷被广泛使用。与其他所有麻醉剂一样，这些吸入性药物并非没有副作用，其中大多数是不良副作用。本综述总结了这些气体作用之间的异同。尽管在某些患者中异氟烷似乎比恩氟烷和氟烷更具优势，但异氟烷并非万灵药，对于每个患者而言，仍需回答选择哪种药物的问题。鉴于与恩氟烷和异氟烷相比，氟烷没有优势但肝毒性风险更高，因此有必要对在成人中进一步使用氟烷发出警告。然而，在儿童中，当通过面罩诱导麻醉时，氟烷仍然是首选的卤代药物。
