Sanocki Thomas, Sulman Noah
Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33624, USA.
Perception. 2011;40(6):635-48. doi: 10.1068/p6655.
Do color relations such as similarity or harmony influence the ease with which colored patterns can be perceived and held in mind? We tested the influence of a relation supported in research on color harmony--similarity of hue--on the capacity of visual short-term memory (VSTM) for colors in patterns. Palettes of 4 similar-hue colors were rated as more pleasant (harmonious) than dissimilar-color palettes. The palettes were used in a VSTM color task. Patterns of 9 to 15 colored squares were presented, and accuracy of color change detection was measured. Memory performance was higher overall for similar-color palettes than for dissimilar-color palettes (experiments 1 and 3). Is this due to color similarity per se, or due to the harmony between colors in similar palettes? A final experiment provided strong support for the importance of color similarity as opposed to harmony. Overall, the advantages for color similarity, in terms of number of color squares held in memory (memory capacity) were 26% to 45% over dissimilar colors. The results indicate that color relations can have a strong impact on the capacity for perceiving and retaining color patterns.
诸如相似性或协调性之类的颜色关系会影响彩色图案被感知和牢记的难易程度吗？我们测试了一项关于色彩协调性（色调相似性）的研究所支持的关系对图案中颜色的视觉短期记忆（VSTM）能力的影响。由4种相似色调颜色组成的调色板比由不同颜色组成的调色板被评为更令人愉悦（协调）。这些调色板被用于一项VSTM颜色任务中。呈现由9到15个彩色方块组成的图案，并测量颜色变化检测的准确性。总体而言，相似颜色调色板的记忆表现高于不同颜色调色板（实验1和3）。这是由于颜色相似性本身，还是由于相似调色板中颜色之间的协调性呢？最后一项实验为颜色相似性而非协调性的重要性提供了有力支持。总体而言，在记忆的彩色方块数量（记忆容量）方面，颜色相似性相对于不同颜色的优势为26%至45%。结果表明，颜色关系会对感知和保留彩色图案的能力产生强烈影响。
