EMBL Heidelberg, Developmental Biology Unit, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
Biochem Soc Trans. 2011 Oct;39(5):1197-201. doi: 10.1042/BST0391197.
RNA localization coupled to translational repression is a general mechanism for creating structural and functional asymmetry within the cell. While there are many possible ways to target an mRNA to its destination, a large fraction of the studied transcripts undertake active transport mediated by cytoskeletal elements (microtubules and actin filaments) and associated mechanoenzymes. Among the best-studied model systems of RNA localization are the oocyte and the early embryo of Drosophila melanogaster, for which many well-characterized tools have been developed to study this cell biological phenomenon in a dynamic, developing system in its in vivo context. In the present paper, we review the current evidence and models explaining the different modes of RNA localization that depend on active transport within cells.
RNA 定位与翻译抑制相结合是在细胞内产生结构和功能不对称性的一种普遍机制。虽然有许多可能的方法可以将 mRNA 靶向其目的地，但很大一部分研究过的转录本通过细胞骨架元件（微管和肌动蛋白丝）和相关的机械酶进行主动运输。在 RNA 定位的最佳研究模型系统中，有果蝇的卵母细胞和早期胚胎，为此已经开发了许多特征明确的工具，以便在其体内环境中研究这种动态发育系统中的细胞生物学现象。在本文中，我们回顾了目前的证据和模型，这些证据和模型解释了依赖于细胞内主动运输的不同 RNA 定位模式。
