Sonnenberg S M
F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.
J Am Psychoanal Assoc. 1990;38(2):451-69. doi: 10.1177/000306519003800208.
The serious decline in applicants for psychoanalytic training mandates the attention of psychoanalytic educators. If students are to be drawn to psychoanalysis, creative methods must be employed to convey the vigor and excitement of work in the field. The author describes two experiences as a visiting analyst, in a university hospital psychiatric residency in which there is almost no regular exposure to psychoanalytic thinking. Because he was dissatisfied with an approach that stressed literature review and psychotherapy case presentations and supervision, he developed a teaching technique through which he was able to show the residents how he thought analytically and self-analytically. This teaching method is discussed in terms of Stein's (1988) injunction that analysts reveal more about the process of their thinking when they write, his description of how Bertram D. Lewin taught by encouraging analytic candidates to free-associate as a method of understanding new case material, and Arlow's (1972) view of the centrality of identification in education.
申请精神分析培训的人数严重下降,这一情况需要精神分析教育工作者予以关注。若要吸引学生投身精神分析领域,就必须采用创新方法来传达该领域工作的活力与兴奋点。作者讲述了自己作为客座分析师在一所大学医院精神科住院医师培训项目中的两段经历,在这个项目中,学员几乎没有机会定期接触精神分析思维。由于他对那种强调文献综述、心理治疗案例展示及督导的教学方法不满,于是开发了一种教学技巧,通过这种技巧他能够向住院医师展示自己进行分析性和自我分析性思考的方式。本文将结合斯坦因(1988)的要求来讨论这种教学方法,斯坦因要求分析师在写作时更多地揭示其思考过程;他还描述了伯特伦·D·勒温如何通过鼓励精神分析候选人进行自由联想来理解新的案例材料从而开展教学;此外,本文也会涉及阿洛(1972)关于认同在教育中的核心地位的观点。