Wilson Nick, Imlach Gunasekara Fiona, Thomson George
Department of Public Health, University of Otago Wellington, PO Box 7343 Wellington South, New Zealand.
N Z Med J. 2011 Jun 10;124(1336):85-9.
The New Zealand Government is currently considering ways to reduce alcohol-related harm, following on from a detailed report by the Law Commission. To inform discussions we briefly summarise the benefits and harms of alcohol use in this country. The most substantive benefits to society are probably pleasure to users and economic benefits (largely to industry). The most substantive harms are probably those to mental and physical health, harm to society (e.g. from crime) and adverse net economic impacts. Overall the picture is suggestive that New Zealand society would be likely to achieve a large net benefit from reducing heavy and binge drinking, and shifting alcohol consumption towards a pattern of smaller amounts. The substantial harm to non-users is a key argument for democratic governments to use regulations and taxes to minimise harm from alcohol.
继法律委员会的一份详细报告之后，新西兰政府目前正在考虑减少与酒精相关危害的方法。为了为讨论提供信息，我们简要总结了该国饮酒的益处和危害。对社会最主要的益处可能是给饮酒者带来的愉悦以及经济效益（主要是对产业而言）。最主要的危害可能是对身心健康的危害、对社会的危害（例如犯罪造成的危害）以及负面的净经济影响。总体而言，情况表明新西兰社会很可能通过减少重度饮酒和暴饮，并使酒精消费转向少量饮用的模式而获得巨大的净收益。对不饮酒者造成的巨大危害是民主政府利用法规和税收将酒精危害降至最低的一个关键论据。
