Schmitz-Dräger B J, Lümmen G, Bismarck E, Fischer C
Urologie, EuromedClinic, Europa-Allee 1, 90763, Fürth, Deutschland.
Urologe A. 2011 Oct;50(10):1283-7. doi: 10.1007/s00120-011-2703-7.
The amount and quality of available data on secondary and tertiary prevention of urological tumors are to a large extent unsatisfactory. In the areas of nutrition and supplementary diet the consumption of tomatoes and especially tomato products could have a beneficial effect on the course of the disease for patients with prostate cancer, whereas there is evidence that the consumption of foodstuffs containing calcium (milk and milk products) and linolenic acid as well as a fat-rich diet accelerate tumor progression. Despite as yet unsatisfactory data, men with urothelial tumors or prostate cancer should abstain from smoking and undertake sports activities. For medicinal measures the administration of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors and bone-promoting substances for patients with prostate cancer are under discussion. The effectiveness of the substances zoledronate and denosumab has been demonstrated in prospective randomized studies. The authors recommend that the scientifically neglected field of tertiary prevention of urological tumors should in future be included as a core factor of scientific investigations.
关于泌尿系统肿瘤二级和三级预防的现有数据，在很大程度上并不令人满意。在营养和补充饮食方面，食用西红柿尤其是番茄制品，可能对前列腺癌患者的病情发展产生有益影响，而有证据表明，食用含钙食物（牛奶及奶制品）、亚麻酸以及高脂饮食会加速肿瘤进展。尽管目前数据仍不令人满意，但患有尿路上皮肿瘤或前列腺癌的男性应戒烟并进行体育活动。对于药物治疗措施，正在讨论为前列腺癌患者使用5-α还原酶抑制剂和促进骨质的物质。唑来膦酸和地诺单抗的有效性已在前瞻性随机研究中得到证实。作者建议，未来应将科学上被忽视的泌尿系统肿瘤三级预防领域纳入科学研究的核心因素。
