Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA. 2010 Jul-Aug;1(1):117-31. doi: 10.1002/wrna.14. Epub 2010 May 6.
RNA interference (RNAi) is a sequence-specific gene silencing, or 'knockdown', mechanism facilitated by short duplex strands of RNA with sequence complementarity to target mRNAs. RNAi has many different forms, including posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS), and transcriptional gene silencing (TGS). Here, we review the biogenesis and function of an endogenous set of small RNA gene regulators, called microRNAs, as well as the mechanism of exogenously delivered small interfering RNAs. The potential applications of RNAi-based therapeutics are also highlighted.
RNA 干扰 (RNAi) 是一种序列特异性的基因沉默，即“敲低”机制，由与靶 mRNA 序列互补的短双链 RNA 介导。RNAi 有许多不同的形式，包括转录后基因沉默 (PTGS) 和转录基因沉默 (TGS)。在这里，我们回顾了一组称为 microRNAs 的内源性小 RNA 基因调节剂的生物发生和功能，以及外源性小分子干扰 RNA 的作用机制。还强调了基于 RNAi 的治疗的潜在应用。
