Pignatelli Michele, Beyeler Anna, Leinekugel Xavier
Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, CNRS and Université Bordeaux 1 & 2, Avenue des Facultés, Bat B2, Talence, France.
J Physiol Paris. 2012 May-Aug;106(3-4):81-92. doi: 10.1016/j.jphysparis.2011.09.007. Epub 2011 Sep 22.
Theta oscillations represent the neural network configuration underlying active awake behavior and paradoxical sleep. This major EEG pattern has been extensively studied, from physiological to anatomical levels, for more than half a century. Nevertheless the cellular and network mechanisms accountable for the theta generation are still not fully understood. This review synthesizes the current knowledge on the circuitry involved in the generation of theta oscillations, from the hippocampus to extra hippocampal structures such as septal complex, entorhinal cortex and pedunculopontine tegmentum, a main trigger of theta state through direct and indirect projections to the septal complex. We conclude with a short overview of the perspectives offered by technical advances for deciphering more precisely the different neural components underlying the emergence of theta oscillations.
θ振荡代表了主动清醒行为和异相睡眠背后的神经网络结构。这种主要的脑电图模式已经从生理到解剖层面进行了广泛研究，时间超过了半个世纪。然而，负责θ波产生的细胞和网络机制仍未被完全理解。这篇综述综合了当前关于参与θ振荡产生的神经回路的知识，从海马体到海马体外结构，如隔复合体、内嗅皮层和脚桥被盖核，脚桥被盖核通过直接和间接投射到隔复合体，是θ状态的主要触发因素。我们最后简要概述了技术进步为更精确地解读θ振荡出现背后的不同神经成分所提供的前景。
