Division of Medical Pharmacology, Leiden/Amsterdam Centre for Drug Research/Leiden University Medical Centre, University of Leiden, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
Physiol Behav. 2012 Apr 12;106(1):73-80. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.09.017. Epub 2011 Sep 24.
Glucocorticoid hormones are secreted from the adrenal gland in hourly pulses, on top of which a surge can take place after stress. The current review describes how changes in pulse amplitude and frequency have consequences for the transcriptional responsivity of target tissues to stress-induced rises in glucocorticoids, and also how these altered pulse patterns affect neuroendocrine and behavioural responses. The mechanistic underpinning of these often rapid changes of the effects of pulsatility on stress responsivity has been greatly advanced with the discovery of membrane variants of the nuclear mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors. The new findings qualify glucocorticoid pulsatility and rapid non-genomic actions as important determinants of the allostatic state.
糖皮质激素以每小时脉冲的形式从肾上腺分泌，在压力之后还会发生一波激增。本综述描述了脉冲幅度和频率的变化如何影响靶组织对应激诱导的糖皮质激素升高的转录反应性，以及这些改变的脉冲模式如何影响神经内分泌和行为反应。随着核盐皮质激素和糖皮质激素受体的膜变体的发现，这些对压力反应性的脉冲作用的影响的快速变化的机制基础得到了极大的推进。新的发现将糖皮质激素脉冲性和快速的非基因组作用确认为适应状态的重要决定因素。
