Sezione di Otorinolaringoiatria, Dipartimento di Biomedicina Sperimentale e Neuroscienze Cliniche, (BioNeC), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Italy.
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2011 Dec;11(6):513-20. doi: 10.1007/s11882-011-0228-1.
Otitis media (OM) describes an inflammatory process within the middle ear space that is generally associated with accumulation of fluid and that may lead to hearing loss, learning difficulties, and delays in language development. The pathogenesis of OM is multifactorial, involving the adaptive and native immune system, eustachian tube dysfunction, viral and bacterial load, and genetic and environmental factors. The involvement of IgE-mediated allergic reactions in the pathogenesis of OM has been suggested by clinical observations of a high prevalence of OM among patients with allergies. Evidence from studies involving tympanometric measurements, audiometric measurements, and otoscopic examination confirms the role of atopy in the development and persistence of OM.
中耳炎（OM）描述的是中耳腔内的炎症过程，通常与积液积累有关，并可能导致听力损失、学习困难和语言发育迟缓。OM 的发病机制是多因素的，涉及适应性和固有免疫系统、咽鼓管功能障碍、病毒和细菌负荷以及遗传和环境因素。IgE 介导的过敏反应在 OM 发病机制中的作用已被过敏患者中 OM 高发的临床观察所提示。涉及鼓室测量、听力测量和耳镜检查的研究证据证实了特应性在 OM 的发展和持续中的作用。
