Department of Mental Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
Br J Psychiatry. 2011 Apr;198(4):256-63. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.109.075622.
Long duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is common and associated with poor outcomes. Strategies to enhance early detection of first-episode psychosis have been advocated.
To evaluate initiatives for early detection of psychosis.
Systematic review of available evidence on the effectiveness of early detection initiatives to reduce the DUP.
The review included 11 studies which evaluated 8 early detection initiatives. Evidence suggests that general practitioner education campaigns and dedicated early intervention services do not by themselves reduce DUP or generate more treated cases. Evidence for multifocus initiatives is mixed: intensive campaigns targeting the general public as well as relevant professionals may be needed. No studies evaluated initiatives targeting young people or professionals from non-health organisations.
How early detection can be achieved is not clear. Evidence is most promising for intensive public awareness campaigns: these require organisation and resourcing at a regional or national level. More good-quality studies are needed to address gaps in knowledge.
未治疗的精神病持续时间较长（DUP）较为常见，与不良结局相关。因此提倡采用策略来增强首发精神病的早期检测。
评估早期发现精神病的措施。
对减少 DUP 的早期检测措施的有效性的现有证据进行系统评价。
综述纳入了 11 项研究，评估了 8 项早期检测措施。有证据表明，全科医生教育活动和专门的早期干预服务本身并不能减少 DUP 或产生更多的治疗病例。多焦点措施的证据不一：可能需要针对普通公众和相关专业人员的密集活动。没有研究评估针对年轻人或非卫生组织专业人员的措施。
尚不清楚如何实现早期检测。最有希望的证据是针对公众的密集宣传活动：这些活动需要在区域或国家层面进行组织和资源配置。需要更多高质量的研究来解决知识空白。
