Energy & Sustainability Research Division, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, UK.
Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2011 Dec 12;169(2):80-105. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2011.08.005. Epub 2011 Sep 14.
A typical superhydrophobic (ultrahydrophobic) surface can repel water droplets from wetting itself, and the contact angle of a water droplet resting on a superhydrophobic surface is greater than 150°, which means extremely low wettability is achievable on superhydrophobic surfaces. Many superhydrophobic surfaces (both manmade and natural) normally exhibit micro- or nanosized roughness as well as hierarchical structure, which somehow can influence the surface's water repellence. As the research into superhydrophobic surfaces goes deeper and wider, it is becoming more important to both academic fields and industrial applications. In this work, the most recent progress in preparing manmade superhydrophobic surfaces through a variety of methodologies, particularly within the past several years, and the fundamental theories of wetting phenomena related to superhydrophobic surfaces are reviewed. We also discuss the perspective of natural superhydrophobic surfaces utilized as mimicking models. The discussion focuses on how the superhydrophobic property is promoted on solid surfaces and emphasizes the effect of surface roughness and structure in particular. This review aims to enable researchers to perceive the inner principles of wetting phenomena and employ suitable methods for creation and modification of superhydrophobic surfaces.
典型的超疏水（超憎水）表面可以防止液滴润湿自身，并且液滴停留在超疏水表面上的接触角大于 150°，这意味着超疏水表面可以实现极高的疏水性。许多超疏水表面（人为和自然的）通常具有微纳米级粗糙度和分级结构，这些结构在某种程度上可以影响表面的疏水性。随着对超疏水表面的研究不断深入和广泛，它在学术领域和工业应用中都变得越来越重要。在这项工作中，我们综述了通过各种方法制备人造超疏水表面的最新进展，特别是在过去几年中的进展，以及与超疏水表面相关的润湿现象的基本理论。我们还讨论了将天然超疏水表面用作模拟模型的观点。讨论重点关注如何在固体表面上促进超疏水性，并特别强调表面粗糙度和结构的影响。本综述旨在使研究人员能够理解润湿现象的内在原理，并采用合适的方法来创建和修饰超疏水表面。
