Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011 Oct;85(4):750-7. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0359.
Outbreaks of Mayaro fever have been associated with a sylvatic cycle of Mayaro virus (MAYV) transmission in South America. To evaluate the potential for a common urban mosquito to transmit MAYV, laboratory vector competence studies were performed with Aedes aegypti from Iquitos, Peru. Oral infection in Ae. aegypti ranged from 0% (0/31) to 84% (31/37), with blood meal virus titers between 3.4 log(10) and 7.3 log(10) plaque-forming units (PFU)/mL. Transmission of MAYV by 70% (21/30) of infected mosquitoes was shown by saliva collection and exposure to suckling mice. Amount of viral RNA in febrile humans, determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction, ranged from 2.7 to 5.3 log(10) PFU equivalents/mL. Oral susceptibility of Ae. aegypti to MAYV at titers encountered in viremic humans may limit opportunities to initiate an urban cycle; however, transmission of MAYV by Ae. aegypti shows the vector competence of this species and suggests potential for urban transmission.
马雅罗热疫情与南美洲马雅罗病毒(MAYV)的森林传播周期有关。为了评估普通城市蚊子传播 MAYV 的潜力,对来自秘鲁伊基托斯的埃及伊蚊进行了实验室媒介效能研究。埃及伊蚊的经口感染率为 0%(0/31)至 84%(31/37),血餐病毒滴度在 3.4 log(10) 和 7.3 log(10)噬菌斑形成单位(PFU)/mL 之间。通过唾液采集和暴露于幼鼠,显示出 70%(21/30)感染蚊子传播 MAYV。通过实时聚合酶链反应确定发热患者体内的病毒 RNA 量,范围从 2.7 到 5.3 log(10)PFU 当量/mL。在人类病毒血症中遇到的 MAYV 滴度下,埃及伊蚊的口服易感性可能限制了启动城市传播周期的机会;然而,埃及伊蚊传播 MAYV 表明了该物种的媒介效能,并提示了城市传播的潜力。