Department of Invertebrate Zoology, University of Gdańsk, Al. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
Arthropod Struct Dev. 2011 Nov;40(6):485-94. doi: 10.1016/j.asd.2011.05.005. Epub 2011 Oct 5.
Apneustic larvae of the genus Forcipomyia possess unique secretory setae located on the dorsal surface along the body in two rows, one pair on each thoracic and abdominal segment and two pairs on the head. Morphological and histological studies of secretory setae in fourth instar larvae of Forcipomyia nigra (Winnertz) and Forcipomyia nigrans Remm indicate they are modified mechanoreceptors (sensilla trichodea) in which the trichogen cell is a glandular cell producing a hygroscopic secretion. The cytoplasm of the glandular trichogen cell fills the lumen of a secretory seta, which shows one or more pores on the apex. The cytoplasm contains numerous microtubules responsible for transportation of proteinaceous vesicles, and an extremely large polyploid nucleus typical of gland cells. The main role of the hygroscopic secretion is to moist the body and thus facilitate cuticular respiration.
锥蝇属的停息幼虫具有独特的分泌刚毛，位于身体背部表面，沿身体成两排，每一个胸节和腹节上有一对，头部有两对。对第四龄幼虫的形态学和组织学研究表明，黑足锥蝇和黑棘蝇的分泌刚毛是改良的机械感受器（感觉毛），其中毛原细胞是一种腺细胞，产生一种吸湿分泌物。腺毛原细胞的细胞质充满了分泌刚毛的腔，在顶端显示出一个或多个孔。细胞质中含有许多微管，负责运输蛋白囊泡，以及典型的腺细胞的巨大多倍体核。吸湿分泌物的主要作用是润湿身体，从而促进角质呼吸。
