Kousik Sharanya M, Graves Steven M, Napier T Celeste, Zhao Chaohui, Carvey Paul M
Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Compulsive Behaviors and Addiction, Rush University, Robert H. and Terri Cohn Research Building, 1735 West Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Neuroreport. 2011 Dec 7;22(17):923-8. doi: 10.1097/WNR.0b013e32834d0bc8.
Methamphetamine (meth) is a potent psychostimulant known to cause neurotoxicity. Clinical reports suggest meth abuse is a risk factor for Parkinson's disease. We investigated changes in the blood-brain barrier and cerebral vasculature as a mechanism underlying this risk in rats treated acutely and trained to self-administer meth. We observed blood-brain barrier leakage in rats treated acutely with meth. Hypoperfusion in the striatum was detected with acute and chronic meth treatment and was associated with hypoxia. This was correlated with reductions in striatal tyrosine hydroxylase in rats trained to self-administer meth. These findings suggest a new mechanism of meth-induced neurotoxicity involving striatal vasoconstriction resulting in hypoxia and dopamine reductions leading to an increased risk for Parkinson's disease for meth abusers.
甲基苯丙胺(冰毒)是一种强效精神兴奋剂,已知会导致神经毒性。临床报告表明,滥用冰毒是帕金森病的一个风险因素。我们研究了血脑屏障和脑血管系统的变化,以此作为急性给药并训练自行给药冰毒的大鼠出现这种风险的潜在机制。我们观察到急性给予冰毒的大鼠存在血脑屏障渗漏。急性和慢性给予冰毒后均检测到纹状体灌注不足,且与缺氧相关。这与训练自行给药冰毒的大鼠纹状体酪氨酸羟化酶减少有关。这些发现提示了一种冰毒诱导神经毒性的新机制,即涉及纹状体血管收缩,导致缺氧和多巴胺减少,从而增加了冰毒滥用者患帕金森病的风险。