Paulus C, Hartmann C
Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie infantiles, hôpital Debrousse, 29 rue Soeur-Bouvier, Lyon, France.
Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac. 2011 Nov;112(5):304-8. doi: 10.1016/j.stomax.2011.08.014. Epub 2011 Oct 5.
Orthodontic treatments apply forces on teeth to move them. Since there is no fixed anatomic anchorage, every orthodontic action will cause a counter-action of equal force. This is usually unwanted and strong bone anchorage is used to prevent this counter-action. These anchorages provide the fixed point required for orthodontic effectiveness.
We describe some devices, their implantation site, placement, and removal. Our experience is essentially based on the Lomas® and Orthocorrect® devices manufactured by Mondeal® (Germany) and on screwed anchorage devices manufactured by Stryker® (USA).
These screwed anchorage systems allow for previously impossible treatments, especially for orthodontics applied to adults and for preprosthetic orthodontics. But these screws can induce apical migration of teeth; so it may be necessary to provide several anchorage sites. Complications are rare and usually present as root perforation.
正畸治疗通过对牙齿施加力来使其移动。由于不存在固定的解剖学锚固点，每一个正畸动作都会引发一个大小相等的反作用力。这通常是不需要的，因此会使用坚固的骨锚固来防止这种反作用力。这些锚固提供了正畸治疗有效性所需的固定点。
我们描述了一些装置、它们的植入部位、放置方法以及取出方法。我们的经验主要基于德国蒙德尔公司生产的洛马斯®和奥索矫正®装置，以及美国史赛克公司生产的螺纹锚固装置。
这些螺纹锚固系统使以前无法进行的治疗成为可能，特别是对于成人正畸和修复前正畸。但这些螺钉可能会导致牙齿根尖移位，因此可能需要设置多个锚固部位。并发症很少见，通常表现为牙根穿孔。
