Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics. 2011 Dec;6(4):406-19. doi: 10.1016/j.cbd.2011.09.001. Epub 2011 Sep 16.
The production and welfare of intensively reared fish would be improved by reducing stress responsiveness. One approach to achieving this goal is selective breeding utilising stress-responsive genes as direct genetic markers of the desirable trait. As a first step in this process, microarray analysis has been carried out on liver tissues of rainbow trout selectively bred for high (HR) or low (LR) responsiveness to a stressor. Microarray hybridizations provided gene expression profiles for pooled samples of fish confined for 6 h, 24 h and 168 h and for individual fish (168 h only). 161 genes were shown to be differentially regulated in HR and LR fish during confinement exposure and eight of these gene expression profiles were validated by quantitative PCR. Genes of particular interest included intelectin-2 precursor which showed greater than 100-fold higher expression in HR fish compared to LR fish irrespective of whether the fish were confined or not; interferon inducible transmembrane protein 3 which was differentially stress-induced between the two lines; and hepatic pro-opiomelanocortin B (POMC B) which was upregulated during stress in HR fish but downregulated in LR fish. All these offer potential as direct markers of low stress responsiveness in a marker-assisted selection scheme.
通过降低应激反应性，可以提高集约化养殖鱼类的生产性能和福利。实现这一目标的一种方法是利用应激反应基因作为所需性状的直接遗传标记进行选择性育种。作为这一过程的第一步，对经过选择性繁殖的虹鳟鱼的肝脏组织进行了微阵列分析，这些虹鳟鱼对压力源的反应性高（HR）或低（LR）。微阵列杂交为在限制条件下 6 小时、24 小时和 168 小时以及单个鱼类（仅 168 小时）的混合样本提供了基因表达谱。结果表明，在限制暴露期间，HR 和 LR 鱼类中有 161 个基因的表达受到差异调控，其中 8 个基因的表达谱通过定量 PCR 进行了验证。特别感兴趣的基因包括内凝集素-2 前体，无论鱼类是否受到限制，HR 鱼类的表达水平都比 LR 鱼类高出 100 多倍；干扰素诱导跨膜蛋白 3 在两条线之间存在差异应激诱导；以及肝脏前阿黑皮素原 B（POMC B）在 HR 鱼类的应激过程中上调，但在 LR 鱼类中下调。所有这些都为在标记辅助选择方案中作为低应激反应性的直接标记提供了潜力。
