Tang Taylor, Johna Samir
Kaiser Fontana Hospital, 9961 Sierra Avenue, Fontana, California 92335, USA.
JSLS. 2011 Jul-Sep;15(3):400-2. doi: 10.4293/108680811X13125733356873.
Dermoid cysts are rare well-differentiated benign tumors derived from ectodermal cell origins. Usually caught incidentally, they have the potential for mass effect, malignant degeneration, and rupture. Dermoid cysts can often present a unique surgical challenge.
A 69-year-old male brought to the emergency department after a motor-vehicle accident had a preperitoneal incidental mass discovered on imaging. The patient was asymptomatic from the mass, though it was expanding in size. He was advised to have the mass removed, because of the possibility of malignant degeneration and rupture, and he was taken for laparoscopic surgical excision of the mass.
Dermoid cysts develop from embryonic migration of ectodermal tissue to aberrant locations or implantation of epidermal tissue. Dermoid cysts in the abdominal cavity are rare, and only case reports exist characterizing these tumors. Rupture can result in a chemical granuloma when localized and can cause peritonitis when the rupture is throughout the entire abdomen. Rare reports of malignant degeneration are also reported in the literature. Surgical excision is the standard of care minimizing risk of rupture with removal.
皮样囊肿是一种罕见的、分化良好的良性肿瘤，起源于外胚层细胞。通常是偶然发现，它们具有产生占位效应、恶性变和破裂的可能性。皮样囊肿常常会带来独特的手术挑战。
一名69岁男性在机动车事故后被送往急诊科，影像学检查发现腹膜前有一个偶然发现的肿块。尽管肿块在增大，但患者没有因肿块出现任何症状。由于存在恶性变和破裂的可能性，建议他切除肿块，随后他接受了腹腔镜手术切除肿块。
皮样囊肿由外胚层组织胚胎期迁移至异常部位或表皮组织植入发展而来。腹腔内的皮样囊肿罕见，仅有病例报告对这些肿瘤进行了描述。破裂局限时可导致化学性肉芽肿，若整个腹部破裂则可引起腹膜炎。文献中也有罕见的恶性变报告。手术切除是标准治疗方法，可通过切除降低破裂风险。
