举重表现与髋关节和膝关节的运动学和动力学模式有关。
Weightlifting performance is related to kinematic and kinetic patterns of the hip and knee joints.
机构信息
Department of Physical Therapy, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
出版信息
J Strength Cond Res. 2012 Jul;26(7):1838-44. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318239c1d2.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlations between biomechanical outcome measures and weightlifting performance. Joint kinematics and kinetics of the hip, knee, and ankle were calculated while 10 subjects performed a clean at 85% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM). Kinematic and kinetic time-series patterns were extracted with principal components analysis. Discrete scores for each time-series pattern were calculated and used to determine how each pattern was related to body mass-normalized 1RM. Two hip kinematic and 2 knee kinetic patterns were significantly correlated with relative 1RM. The kinematic patterns captured hip and trunk motions during the first pull and hip joint motion during the movement transition between the first and second pulls. The first kinetic pattern captured a peak in the knee extension moment during the second pull. The second kinetic pattern captured a spatiotemporal shift in the timing and amplitude of the peak knee extension moment. The kinematic results suggest that greater lift mass was associated with steady trunk position during the first pull and less hip extension motion during the second-knee bend transition. Further, the kinetic results suggest that greater lift mass was associated with a smaller knee extensor moments during the first pull, but greater knee extension moments during the second pull, and an earlier temporal transition between knee flexion-extension moments at the beginning of the second pull. Collectively, these results highlight the importance of controlled trunk and hip motions during the first pull and rapid employment of the knee extensor muscles during the second pull in relation to weightlifting performance.
本研究旨在探讨生物力学测量指标与举重表现之间的相关性。10 名受试者以 85%的 1 次重复最大重量(1RM)完成 1 次挺举时,对髋关节、膝关节和踝关节的运动学和动力学进行了计算。采用主成分分析提取运动学和动力学时间序列模式。计算每个时间序列模式的离散分数,并用于确定每个模式与体重归一化 1RM 的关系。2 个髋关节运动学模式和 2 个膝关节动力学模式与相对 1RM 显著相关。运动学模式捕捉了第一拉过程中髋关节和躯干的运动以及第一拉和第二拉之间髋关节运动的转换。第一个动力学模式捕捉了第二拉过程中膝关节伸展力矩的峰值。第二个动力学模式捕捉了峰值膝关节伸展力矩的时间和幅度的时空转移。运动学结果表明,更大的举重质量与第一拉过程中稳定的躯干位置以及第二拉过程中膝关节弯曲转换时较小的髋关节伸展运动有关。此外,动力学结果表明,更大的举重质量与第一拉过程中较小的膝关节伸肌力矩有关,但与第二拉过程中较大的膝关节伸展力矩以及第二拉开始时膝关节屈伸力矩之间更早的时间转换有关。总的来说,这些结果强调了在第一拉过程中控制躯干和髋关节运动以及在第二拉过程中快速使用膝关节伸肌在举重表现中的重要性。