Barros Marilisa Berti de Azevedo, Francisco Priscila Maria Stolses Bergamo, Zanchetta Luane Margarete, César Chester Luiz Galvão
Departamento de Medicina Preventiva e Social, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Unicamp, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil.
Cien Saude Colet. 2011 Sep;16(9):3755-68. doi: 10.1590/s1413-81232011001000012.
The aims of this study are: to evaluate the prevalence of chronic diseases in the Brazilian population comparing data of 2008 with those of 2003; to estimate the impact of chronic conditions on the use of health services and on the restriction of daily activities and to measure the differentials in the prevalence of specific diseases according to educational strata and the affiliation to a private health plan. Data were obtained from PNAD 2008 and 2003. The analysis included estimations of crude and adjusted prevalence ratios, using svy commands from Stata 11 software. The prevalence of at least one disease was higher in: the elderly, women, low schooling level, black or indigenous people, urban residents, migrants and people living in the south region of Brazil. The most frequent diseases were: hypertension, back and spinal cord disorders, arthritis and depression. Between 2003 and 2008, an increase in the prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, cancer and cirrhosis was observed, and there was a reduction in chronic kidney failure and tuberculosis. All the diseases analyzed, with the exception of cancer and tendinitis/tenossinovitis, revealed a higher prevalence in low educational level strata. The greatest social inequalities were in chronic kidney failure, cirrhosis, tuberculosis and arthritis/rheumatism.
比较2008年和2003年的数据，评估巴西人口中慢性病的患病率；估计慢性病对医疗服务使用及日常活动受限的影响；并根据教育阶层和私人健康保险参保情况，衡量特定疾病患病率的差异。数据来自2008年和2003年的全国住户抽样调查（PNAD）。分析采用Stata 11软件的svy命令，对粗患病率和调整患病率进行估计。至少患有一种疾病的患病率在以下人群中较高：老年人、女性、低学历者、黑人或原住民、城市居民、移民以及居住在巴西南部地区的人。最常见的疾病是：高血压、背部和脊髓疾病、关节炎和抑郁症。2003年至2008年期间，观察到糖尿病、高血压、癌症和肝硬化的患病率上升，而慢性肾衰竭和结核病的患病率下降。除癌症和肌腱炎/腱鞘炎外，所有分析的疾病在低教育水平阶层中患病率更高。社会不平等最严重的疾病是慢性肾衰竭、肝硬化、结核病和关节炎/风湿病。
