Department of Nursing, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil.
Biol Res Nurs. 2013 Apr;15(2):200-4. doi: 10.1177/1099800411423097. Epub 2011 Oct 9.
Studies have shown that the application of semipermeable membranes to the skin of premature newborns (NBs) can aid in protecting the skin, reduce disturbances in fluid and electrolyte levels, and decrease neonatal mortality. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of using semipermeable membranes in low-birth-weight preterm newborns (PTNBs). A randomized controlled trial was carried out in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) with 42 NBs split evenly into an intervention group (IG), in which semipermeable membranes were used to cover large areas of the skin for the first 7 days of life, and a control group (CG), which received normal care. The variables investigated for the study were weight, hydration status, urinary density, glycemic control, sodium concentration, and daily hydration quota. The following variables displayed significant daily variation: weight, hydration quota, and sodium concentration. Statistically significant individual effects by day and by group were found only for sodium concentration. In the overall analysis of the intersubject effects, sodium concentration, alone, proved to be significant (p = .055). Significant effects by group in relation to the sodium concentration were found, with the IG showing a lower average sodium concentration than the CG. Thus, the use of semipermeable membranes reduced fluid loss in premature NBs in the current study, confirming the findings of previous studies. Guidelines for practice may now be warranted.
研究表明，将半透膜应用于早产儿（NB）的皮肤，可以帮助保护皮肤、减少液体和电解质水平的波动，并降低新生儿死亡率。本研究旨在验证半透膜在低出生体重早产儿（PTNB）中的应用效果。采用随机对照试验，在新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）中对 42 名 NB 进行分组，干预组（IG）在生命的前 7 天内使用半透膜覆盖大面积皮肤，对照组（CG）接受常规护理。研究中调查的变量包括体重、水合状态、尿密度、血糖控制、钠浓度和每日水合配额。以下变量显示出显著的日变化：体重、水合配额和钠浓度。仅钠浓度在日和组的个体效应上存在统计学意义。在受试者间效应的整体分析中，仅钠浓度具有统计学意义（p =.055）。发现组间与钠浓度相关的显著效应，IG 的平均钠浓度低于 CG。因此，在本研究中，半透膜的使用减少了早产儿的液体丢失，证实了先前研究的结果。现在可能需要制定实践指南。
