Costa Roberta, Padilha Maria Itayra
Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal do Hospital Universitário da UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil.
Rev Gaucha Enferm. 2011 Jun;32(2):248-55. doi: 10.1590/s1983-14472011000200006.
This is a qualitative research with a socio-historical approach. It aims to understand how practices of care to the newborn were established in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) in Florianopolis, Brazil, in the 1980's. The study's context was the Child's Hospital Joana de Gusmão. Interviewed for this research were health professionals that had a role in the NICU implementation. The analysis of the data was performed using Foucault's genealogical method. Four discursive groups were identified: Many children had gains with that; We learned how to care for newborns; A more scientific view of care was lacking; Sensible, humanized and individualized care. The establishment of a specific unit directed to newborns resulted in a reduction in neonatal morbimortality and in the acquisition of scientific knowledge. The health professionals' speeches show that, since the beginning of the NICU, there was a concern with the sensible, humanized and individualized care of the newborn.
这是一项采用社会历史方法的定性研究。其目的是了解20世纪80年代在巴西弗洛里亚诺波利斯的一家新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）中，对新生儿的护理实践是如何确立的。该研究的背景是若阿娜·德·古斯芒儿童医院。参与此次研究访谈的是在NICU实施过程中发挥作用的卫生专业人员。数据的分析采用了福柯的谱系学方法。识别出了四个话语群体：许多儿童因此受益；我们学会了如何护理新生儿；缺乏更科学的护理观念；合理、人性化和个性化护理。专门针对新生儿的科室的设立降低了新生儿的发病率和死亡率，并促进了科学知识的获取。卫生专业人员的言论表明，自NICU成立之初，就一直关注对新生儿合理、人性化和个性化的护理。
