埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴采用直接观察短程治疗（DOTS）法治疗结核病的十年经验。

Ten years experience of directly observed treatment short-course (dots) therapy for tuberculosis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

作者信息

Woldeyohannes Desalegn, Kebede Nigatu, Erku Woldaregay, Tadesse Zerihun

机构信息

College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology. P.O.Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.

出版信息

Ethiop Med J. 2011 Jul;49(3):221-9.

PMID:21991755

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Tuberculosis (TB) is still the leading cause of death worldwide accounting for 2.5% of the global burden of disease and 25% of all avoidable deaths in developing countries.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of the Directly Observed Treatment-Short course (DOTS) programme in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from 1998-2007.

METHODS

Institutional-based retrospective study was employed Reports using world health organization (WHO) format for TB case finding and treatment outcome from all Sub-cities of the city to the Federal Ministry of Health were collected

RESULTS

Between the years (1998-2007), 133,340 patients with all form of TB were registered. Of these, 40,929 (31%) were AFB + ve Pulmonary TB (PTB+ve), 48,491 (36%) were AFB-ve Pulmonary TB (PTB-ve), and 43,920 (33%) were Extra Pulmonary TB (EPTB) cases. The trend of case detection rate (CDR) for new smear positive pulmonary TB cases has increased from 73% in 1998 to its peak 113% in 2000 and then it decreased to 68% in 2007. The treatment success rate (TSR) has value with an average and standard deviation of 80% and 3.2, respectively from 1999 to 2007.

CONCLUSION

It is possible to achieve the recommended WHO target (70% CDR & 85% TSR) as can be seen how closely these targets were approached (68% & 81%, respectively) in the city in 2007; However, this requires seeking alternative case finding mechanisms.

摘要

背景

结核病仍是全球主要死因，占全球疾病负担的2.5%，在发展中国家占所有可避免死亡的25%。

目的

本研究旨在评估1998 - 2007年在埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴实施的直接观察短程治疗（DOTS）项目的影响。

方法

采用基于机构的回顾性研究。收集了该市所有子城市向联邦卫生部提交的使用世界卫生组织（WHO）格式的结核病病例发现和治疗结果报告。

结果

在1998 - 2007年期间，共登记了133,340例各种形式的结核病患者。其中，40,929例（31%）为痰涂片阳性肺结核（PTB + ve），48,491例（36%）为痰涂片阴性肺结核（PTB - ve），43,920例（33%）为肺外结核（EPTB）病例。新涂阳肺结核病例的病例发现率（CDR）趋势从1998年的73%上升到2000年的峰值113%，然后在2007年降至68%。1999年至2007年期间，治疗成功率（TSR）的平均值和标准差分别为80%和3.2。