Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Menopause. 2012 Mar;19(3):283-9. doi: 10.1097/gme.0b013e3182292b06.
We hypothesized that natural menopause would be related to better physical functioning compared with surgical menopause and that later age at menopause would be related to better physical functioning.
Our sample comprised 1,765 women 60 years or older who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III, a cross-sectional study representative of the US population. Women recalled age at final menstrual period and age at removal of the uterus and ovaries and reported age, race and ethnicity, height, weight, educational attainment, smoking status, number of children, and use of estrogen therapy. Respondents completed a walk trial and chair rises and reported functional limitations.
Women with surgical menopause had chair rise times that were an average of 4.4% slower than did those of women with natural menopause (95% CI, 0.56-8.27). Women with natural menopause at age 55 years or more had an average walking speed of 0.05 meters/second (95% CI, 0.01-0.10) faster than did women with natural menopause at age less than 45 years. Later ages at natural and surgical menopause were also related to lower self-reported functional limitation. Women with surgical menopause at age 55 years or more had odds of functional limitation 0.52 times (95% CI, 0.29-0.95) that of women with surgical menopause at age less than 40 years, with similar patterns for natural menopause.
Women with surgical menopause and earlier age at menopause had worse physical function in older adulthood. These groups of women may benefit from interventions to prevent functional decline.
我们假设自然绝经与手术绝经相比，与更好的身体机能相关，且绝经年龄越晚，身体机能越好。
我们的样本包括了 1765 名年龄在 60 岁及以上的参与了第三次全国健康和营养调查的女性，该调查是一项具有代表性的美国人群的横断面研究。女性回忆她们的末次月经年龄和子宫卵巢切除年龄，并报告年龄、种族和民族、身高、体重、教育程度、吸烟状况、子女数量以及雌激素治疗的使用情况。受访者完成了步行试验和椅子起立测试，并报告了功能限制情况。
手术绝经的女性椅子起立时间平均比自然绝经的女性慢 4.4%（95%可信区间，0.56-8.27）。55 岁及以上自然绝经的女性平均行走速度比 45 岁以下自然绝经的女性快 0.05 米/秒（95%可信区间，0.01-0.10）。自然和手术绝经年龄较晚也与较低的自我报告功能限制相关。55 岁及以上手术绝经的女性功能受限的几率是 40 岁以下手术绝经女性的 0.52 倍（95%可信区间，0.29-0.95），自然绝经也有类似的模式。
手术绝经和较早绝经的女性在老年期身体机能较差。这些女性群体可能受益于预防功能下降的干预措施。
