MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011 Oct 14;60(40):1382-4.
Cervical cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the Americas, where an estimated 80,574 new cases and 36,058 deaths were reported in 2008, with 85% of this burden occurring in Latin America and the Caribbean. Two oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) types (16 and 18) cause approximately 70% of cervical cancers and a substantial proportion of other HPV-related cancers. HPV vaccination provides an opportunity to greatly reduce cervical cancer burden through primary prevention of HPV infection. This report summarizes the progress toward HPV vaccine introduction in the Americas, focusing on countries that have introduced the vaccine in national or regional immunization programs. As of January 2011, four countries in the Americas had introduced HPV vaccine. Overcoming issues related to financing and delivery of HPV vaccine remains a key public health challenge to more widespread implementation of HPV vaccination in the Americas.
宫颈癌是美洲地区发病率和死亡率的主要原因之一，据估计，2008 年该地区报告了 80574 例新发病例和 36058 例死亡病例，其中 85%的负担发生在拉丁美洲和加勒比地区。两种致癌型人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）（16 和 18 型）导致约 70%的宫颈癌和相当大比例的其他与 HPV 相关的癌症。HPV 疫苗接种为通过预防 HPV 感染来大大降低宫颈癌负担提供了机会。本报告总结了在美洲推广 HPV 疫苗接种的进展情况，重点介绍了已在国家或区域免疫规划中引入疫苗的国家。截至 2011 年 1 月，美洲有四个国家已引入 HPV 疫苗。解决 HPV 疫苗的融资和提供问题仍然是在美洲更广泛推广 HPV 疫苗接种的一个关键公共卫生挑战。
