Pradhan Subhalaxmi, Naik S N, Khan M Ashhar I, Sahoo P K
Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110016, India.
J Sci Food Agric. 2012 Feb;92(3):511-9. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.4599. Epub 2011 Oct 12.
Jatropha curcas seed is a rich source of oil; however, it can not be utilised for nutritional purposes due to presence of toxic and anti-nutritive compounds. The main objective of the present study was to quantify the toxic phytochemicals present in Indian J. curcas (oil, cake, bio-diesel and glycerol).
The amount of phorbol esters is greater in solvent extracted oil (2.8 g kg⁻¹) than in expeller oil (2.1 g kg⁻¹). Liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis of the purified compound from an active extract of oil confirmed the presence of phorbol esters. Similarly, the phorbol esters content is greater in solvent extracted cake (1.1 g kg⁻¹) than in cake after being expelled (0.8 g kg⁻¹). The phytate and trypsin inhibitory activity of the cake was found to be 98 g kg⁻¹ and 8347 TIU g⁻¹ of cake, respectively. Identification of curcin was achieved by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the concentration of curcin was 0.95 g L⁻¹ of crude concentrate obtained from cake.
Higher amounts of phorbol esters are present in oil than cake but bio-diesel and glycerol are free of phorbol esters. The other anti-nutritional components such as trypsin inhibitors, phytates and curcin are present in cake, so the cake should be detoxified before being used for animal feed.
麻疯树种子富含油脂；然而，由于存在有毒和抗营养化合物，其不能用于营养目的。本研究的主要目的是对印度麻疯树（油、饼粕、生物柴油和甘油）中存在的有毒植物化学物质进行定量分析。
溶剂萃取油中佛波酯的含量（2.8 g kg⁻¹）高于压榨油（2.1 g kg⁻¹）。对油的活性提取物中纯化化合物的液相色谱 - 质谱分析证实了佛波酯的存在。同样，溶剂萃取饼粕中佛波酯的含量（1.1 g kg⁻¹）高于压榨后的饼粕（0.8 g kg⁻¹）。发现饼粕中的植酸和胰蛋白酶抑制活性分别为98 g kg⁻¹和8347 TIU g⁻¹饼粕。通过十二烷基硫酸钠 - 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳鉴定了麻疯树毒蛋白，其浓度为从饼粕中获得的粗浓缩物的0.95 g L⁻¹。
油中佛波酯的含量高于饼粕，但生物柴油和甘油中不含佛波酯。饼粕中存在其他抗营养成分，如胰蛋白酶抑制剂、植酸和麻疯树毒蛋白，因此在将饼粕用于动物饲料之前应进行解毒处理。
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