Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim Germany.
Circ Res. 2011 Oct 14;109(9):1067-81. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.111.243709.
Stem cells of all types are characterized by the ability to self-renew and to differentiate. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that both maintenance of stemness and lineage commitment, including determination of the cardiomyogenic lineage, are tightly controlled by epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling. Epigenetic mechanisms are intrinsically reversible, interdependent, and highly dynamic in regulation of chromatin structure and specific gene transcription programs, thereby contributing to stem cell homeostasis. Here, we review the current understanding of epigenetic mechanisms involved in regulation of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation and in the control of cardiac progenitor cell commitment during heart development. Further progress in this area will help to decipher the epigenetic landscape in stem and progenitor cells and facilitate manipulation of stem cells for regenerative applications.
所有类型的干细胞都具有自我更新和分化的能力。有多种证据表明，维持干细胞特性和谱系分化，包括确定心肌生成谱系，都受到表观遗传机制的严格控制，如 DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰和 ATP 依赖性染色质重塑。表观遗传机制在调节染色质结构和特定基因转录程序方面具有内在的可逆性、相互依赖性和高度动态性，从而有助于干细胞的内稳态。在这里，我们综述了目前对参与调控干细胞自我更新和分化以及心脏发育中心脏祖细胞分化的表观遗传机制的理解。该领域的进一步进展将有助于破译干细胞和祖细胞中的表观遗传景观，并促进对干细胞的操纵以用于再生应用。
