The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.
Emerg Med J. 2012 Sep;29(9):761-4. doi: 10.1136/emermed-2011-200346. Epub 2011 Oct 13.
The condition of maxillofacial injuries after a major earthquake is not well understood because of limited data. The purpose of this study was to describe the maxillofacial injuries caused by the 2010 Yushu earthquake in China.
A total of 126 patients treated for seismic-related injuries at hospitals in the Chengdu area were investigated. Of the 126 patients, 46 (36.5%) had maxillofacial injuries. Gender, age, nationality and injury condition were recorded by talking with the patients and their families. The data were analysed using Microsoft Access 2003 and SPSS software programs.
For the 46 patients, the female to male ratio was 1.3:1 and the mean age was 36.7 years. Most patients (41, 89.1%) were Tibetan. The most frequent cause of maxillofacial injury was pressing/burying (34 patients, 73.9%). All patients with maxillofacial injuries sustained soft-tissue injuries, 13.0% had facial fractures and 4.3% had dentoalveolar injuries. The soft-tissue injuries were largely combined injuries; 84.8% were bruises and 80.4% were lacerations. The most common injury site was the zygomatic region (54.3%), followed by the forehead (43.5%) and the orbital region (34.8%). Of the six facial fractures, four involved nasal-orbital-ethmoidal region fractures. Most of the maxillofacial injuries (78.3%) were associated with other injuries, of which extremity injuries (55.6%) were the most common.
An analysis of the maxillofacial injuries sustained during the Yushu earthquake revealed some of the features of seismic-related maxillofacial injuries. The results from this study may help physicians provide better medical services during future disasters.
由于数据有限，人们对大地震后颌面损伤的情况了解甚少。本研究的目的是描述中国玉树地震引起的颌面损伤。
调查了在成都地区医院接受与地震相关损伤治疗的 126 名患者。在 126 名患者中，有 46 名（36.5%）有颌面损伤。通过与患者及其家属交谈，记录了性别、年龄、国籍和损伤情况。使用 Microsoft Access 2003 和 SPSS 软件程序对数据进行分析。
对于 46 名患者，女性与男性的比例为 1.3:1，平均年龄为 36.7 岁。大多数患者（41 例，89.1%）为藏族。颌面损伤最常见的原因是挤压/掩埋（34 例，73.9%）。所有颌面损伤患者均有软组织损伤，13.0%有面部骨折，4.3%有牙牙槽损伤。软组织损伤主要为复合伤；84.8%为挫伤，80.4%为裂伤。最常见的损伤部位是颧骨区（54.3%），其次是额部（43.5%）和眶区（34.8%）。在 6 例面部骨折中，有 4 例涉及鼻眶筛区骨折。大多数颌面损伤（78.3%）与其他损伤有关，其中四肢损伤（55.6%）最常见。
对玉树地震中颌面损伤的分析揭示了一些与地震相关的颌面损伤的特征。本研究的结果可能有助于医生在未来的灾害中提供更好的医疗服务。
