Burger Kyle S, Stice Eric
Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, OR 97401, USA.
Curr Drug Abuse Rev. 2011 Sep;4(3):182-9. doi: 10.2174/1874473711104030182.
Advances in neuroimaging techniques have provided insight into the role of the brain in the regulation of food intake and weight. Growing evidence demonstrate that energy dense, palatable foods elicit similar responses in reward-related brain regions that mimic those of addictive substances. Currently, various models of obesity's relation to reward from food have been theorized. There is evidence to support a theory of hypo-responsivity of reward regions to food, where individuals consume excess amounts to overcome this reward deficit. There is also data to support a theory of hyper-responsivity of reward regions, where individuals who experience greater reward from food intake are at risk for overeating. However, these seemingly discordant theories are static in nature and do not account for the possible effects of repeated overeating on brain responsivity to food and initial vulnerability factors. Here we review data that support these theories and propose a dynamic vulnerability model of obesity that appears to offer a parsimonious theory that accommodates extant findings.
神经成像技术的进步使人们深入了解大脑在食物摄入和体重调节中的作用。越来越多的证据表明，能量密集、美味的食物在与奖励相关的脑区引发的反应，类似于成瘾物质引发的反应。目前，关于肥胖与食物奖励关系的各种模型已被提出。有证据支持奖励区域对食物反应低下的理论，即个体摄入过量食物以克服这种奖励不足。也有数据支持奖励区域反应过度的理论，即从食物摄入中获得更大奖励的个体有暴饮暴食的风险。然而，这些看似不一致的理论本质上是静态的，没有考虑到反复暴饮暴食对大脑对食物反应性和初始易感性因素的可能影响。在这里，我们回顾支持这些理论的数据，并提出一个肥胖的动态易感性模型，该模型似乎提供了一个简洁的理论，能够包容现有研究结果。
